Friday, July 26, 2013

Swimming Pool Designs Fixed Price Package

How can anyone provide a pre-designed swimming pool for a fixed price?  There are just too many variables...

Every site is different

How can the pricing model hold true for every property?  There are just too many variables...
The soil conditions vary from lot to lot in the same neighborhood and the required strength of the concrete shell will vary significantly.
Access to property and the required excavation equipment will differ.
The distance to the dump site for the dirt spoils varies, as do the fuel and trucking costs.
The size of properties and setback limitations are different.
The lines of sites from the owners & neighbors property differ.
Existing utilities and locations vary and may require upgrading or longer installation runs.

Generic Engineering


The structural engineering used on these projects is a generic, a one size fits all plan.  They meet the MINIMAL requirements, but are not guaranteed to meet the conditions for your site.

How can they do this?  Because most building departments do not enforce the International Building Code requirement that the structural engineering be designed to overcome the surcharges placed upon the structure.  Some cities (Los Angeles for example) require soils reports with swimming pool plans and structural engineering.  They require that the soils engineer review the structural plans to ensure that the engineering meets his minimum requirements.

Simply put, the swimming pool must be strong enough to prevent structural failure (cracking) from loads placed upon the shell.  These loads come from adjacent structures & buildings, up or down slopes, retaining walls, winds, snow, saturated soils, expansive soils, uplifting soils, seismic events, surf or tides - anything that will place a force on the pool.

Generic structural engineering is totally worthless, if the structural engineer has not reviewed the site and a soils report (geotechnical investigation).  The structural engineer simply cannot validate the strength requirements without a soils report that defines the conditions below the surface.  

These "package" price pools totally disregard the strength requirement, by placating homeowners with a pool builder's own "structural warranty."  This warranty does not warrant the pool against cracking - only that the pool will "hold water."  That means when the pool does crack, they will patch only the crack - thereby restoring the watertightness.  And, when they patch the crack, they will not repair the plaster surface.  

Would you accept cracking of your home's foundation, a dam above you in a canyon or a bridge you drive on?  Of course not, but they seem to think that this is acceptable.

Price Changes

You want a site specific structural engineering?  That's extra!
You don't want the pool equipment 10 feet from the pool?  That's extra!
You want to change the shape of the pool or steps?  That's extra.
You want something other than white plaster?  That's extra?
Oh, you wanted the spa heated?  A heater is extra.
You want a gas line to feed fuel to the heater?  That's extra too.
You want a tile other that the 6 blue tiles we offer?  That's extra.
Oh, you want remote controls of the pool & spa?  That's extra too!
You want drains in the pool deck?  Those are extra?

It is the old bait and switch routine to which we all try to avoid.

Remember, YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR!

Paolo Benedetti 
Aquatic Artist, Watershape Consultant, Expert Witness 
"Creating water as art."™ 
Aquatic Technology Pool and Spa 
©www.aquatictechnology.com

Saturday, July 20, 2013

Swimming Pool Design Expert Witness - ADA compliant designs

Swimming Pool designs and ADA complaint designs do not need to be sterile and utilitarian.

ADA Compliance

Though the codes are very explicit as to the design requirements of an ADA compliant facility, a little creativeness can eliminate the sterile and utilitarian designs most frequently associated with handicapped accessible swimming pools.

Getting Creative

Beach entries and ramps are the easiest means to eliminate unsightly lifts and chairs.  Beach entries look the best on natural or lagoon type of pools.  

However, the slope is much less for ADA compliant ramps - 1 foot of drop for every 12 feet of length (as opposed to normal beach entry slopes of 1 in 7).  This would require a minimum of 36 feet of sloped beach to reach a 3 foot depth.  the code also requires that ramps over 30 feet in length at a 1 in 12 slope, have an intermediary landing.  In addition to these space requirements, the ramp needs be even longer, so it can start above the waterline.  

Wide beach type of entries are not required to have handrails.  However, a narrow ramp for access into a pool would require handrails and curbs at ADA specified heights and widths.

If the slope is anything greater than 1 in 20, then a landing is required at the top and bottom.  The pool deck and a flat area at the bottom of the ramp (pool floor) can satisfy these requirements.

However, the ramp need only terminate in 24 to 30 inches of water - enough for the bather to become bouyant.

Design Alternatives
 
The easiest means to provide for access without dedicating a lot of real estate to ramps or beach entries, is through the incorporation of a "transition wall."  This design element raises the pool wall 16 to 19 inches above the grade.  

It allows the disabled person to sit on the wall or to transfer from the wheel chair to the raised bench.  From there, it is merely a matter of swinging around into the pool.  

This design requires that the elevation of the pool deck drop on one side of the pool, usually not a difficult obstacle.

Visually, it is unobtrusive and a lot more pleasant to look at than a stainless steel tower and plastic chair.

Design - creating elements that work in harmony with their environment.
  
Paolo Benedetti 
Aquatic Artist, Watershape Consultant, Expert Witness 
"Creating water as art."™ 
Aquatic Technology Pool and Spa 
©www.aquatictechnology.com

Thursday, July 18, 2013

Expert Witness evaluation of swimming pool construction project

An expert witness evaluation of a troubled construction project entails many steps...

What was promised...

A review of all of the written communications between the contractor and owner is the first step.  Verbal promises are a debate that will rage for eons and don't hold much water.

The expert will want to review:
bids
proposals
contracts
change orders
emails
contractor conceptual drawings and plans
structural engineering
project specifications
images taken during construction
owner punchlist and builder responses
permits
inspection correction notices

What was delivered...

Next the expert will want to perform a site inspection.  They will evaluate the project, comparing the finished project to the contract, engineering and plans and to industry workmanship standards.

This stage can take anywhere from a few hours to weeks.  Sometimes previously undisclosed items are discovered.  On other occasions, a specialized expert is called in to evaluate specific issues.  These can be geologists, electrical engineers or structural engineers.  If the quality of the construction materials is in question, a testing laboratory might remove samples for analysis.

Written Evaluation

The written evaluation will outline the issues, possible causes, the standard or code that was to be met and suggestions for remediation.

While some issues are easily remedied, some required extensive structural repairs.  When the cost of repair exceeds or approaches the cost of removal and replacement, most judicial bodies will opt for the reconstruction of the entire project.

Expert's Responsibility

The expert's responsibility is not to the person paying the bills - it is to revealing the truth.  The facts are the facts and the cards fall where they may.  It is merely the expert's job to report their findings, whether positive or negative for their client.  

You can't twist the truth - unless you're a politician!

Paolo Benedetti 
Aquatic Artist, Watershape Consultant, Expert Witness 
"Creating water as art."™ 
Aquatic Technology Pool and Spa 
©www.aquatictechnology.com

Tuesday, July 16, 2013

Swimming Pool Expert Witness Construction & Design

Expert Witness - Swimming Pools, Construction & Design
National Electrical Code - Section 680 Swimming Pools & Spas


The electrician didn't understand why I disapproved of this installation...
There were many things wrong:

  • Indoor rated CAT 5 Cable was installed in underground conduits.  Underground or Direct Burial cables should be used, as they contain a silicone gel to prevent water intrusion.
  • The metal gutters are not specifically designed for swimming pool lighting junction boxes, and were utilized for the underwater lighting.  These non-compliant boxes are not equipped with the required corded strain relief, grounding bar or the internal and external bonding connections.  ONLY fixtures specially designed for this purpose may be utilized for underwater fixtures [NEC 680.24(A)(1), NEC 680.24(D)], IRC4106.8.5, IRC4106.8.1].
  • The metal gutters were not properly supported, protected from damage or waterproof.
  • Bare #8 copper bonding wires do not connect the exterior of the box to the bonding grid [NEC 680.24].
  • A stranded green #8 copper bonding wire is not contained within the PVC conduits from the Pentair Panel terminal bars to the pool light junction box terminal bars [NEC 680.24(F)].
  • Stranded green #8 copper wires are not contained within the PVC conduit between the pool light niche and the gutters.  The #8 copper wire connection inside of the light niche must be encapsulated in an approved potting compound [NEC 680.23(B)] .
  • All grounding and bonding connections in a swimming pool installation MUST connect to a terminal bar or equipment bonding lug – wire nut connections are not permitted on grounding or bonding wires [NEC 680.24(F)].  
      They are just TOO IMPORTANT TO COME LOOSE!
  • Non-pool light circuits may not share pool lighting conduits unless they are GFCI protected [NEC 680.23(F)].
  • Low voltage and high voltage wiring are contained within the same panels, conduits and junction boxes – data wiring inside of conduits with high voltage electrical conductors [NEC 800-52].
His question... "What's your problem?

Oh, only a minor detail of potentially killing people in their swimming pool.

Paolo Benedetti 
Aquatic Artist, Watershape Consultant, Expert Witness 
"Creating water as art."™ 
Aquatic Technology Pool and Spa©
www.aquatictechnology.com